Dry scrubbing systems are often used for the removal of odorous and corrosive gases from wastewater treatment plant operations.
We aims to provide a complete knowledgeable report so that the readers will benefit from it. The report is properly examined and compiled by industry experts and will shed light on the key information that requires from the clients.
Case numbers are resurging in parts of the world where the COVID-19 pandemic was waning, falling in places that saw huge surges recently, and just beginning to rise in previously little-impacted parts of the globe.
Studying and analyzing the impact of Coronavirus COVID-19 on the Dry Air Scrubber industry, the report provide in-depth analysis and professtional advices on how to face the post COIVD-19 period.
Market Segment by Product Type
3-Stage Air Scrubbers
4-Stage Air Scrubbers
Market Segment by Product Application
Household
Commercial
Industrial
Finally, the report provides detailed profile and data information analysis of leading company.
KCH Services
Croll Reynold
Fabritech Engineers
Beltran Technologies
Hamon Research-Cotttrell
Edlon
Honeywell
Waves Aircon
AlorAir Solutions
Abatement Technologies
Dri-Eaz Products
Advanced Containment Systems
Ermator
Insights and Tools:
Projected and forecast revenue values are in constant U.S. dollars, unadjusted for inflation.
Product values and regional markets are estimated by market analyst, data analyst and people from related industry, based on companys' revenue and applications market respectively.
The data sources include but not limited to reports of companys,international organizations and governments, MMI market surveys,and related industry news.
Analyses of global market trends, with historical data, estimates for 2022 and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2027
The market research includes historical and forecast data from like demand, application details, price trends, and company shares by geography, especially focuses on the key regions like United States, European Union, China, and other regions.
In addition, the report provides insight into main drivers,challenges,opportunities and risk of the market and strategies of suppliers. Key players are profiled as well with their market shares in the global market discussed.
Research Objectives
1.To study and analyze the global Dry Air Scrubber consumption (value) by key regions/countries, product type and application, history data from 2017 to 2021, and forecast to 2027.
2.To understand the structure of Dry Air Scrubber market by identifying its various subsegments.
3.Focuses on the key global Dry Air Scrubber manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the value, market share, market competition landscape, Porter's five forces analysis, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years.
4.To analyze the Dry Air Scrubber with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to the total market.
5.To share detailed information about the key factors influencing the growth of the market (growth potential, opportunities, drivers, industry-specific challenges and risks).
6.To project the consumption of Dry Air Scrubber submarkets, with respect to key regions (along with their respective key countries).
7.To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
8.To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.
Table of Contents
Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Research Report 2022, Forecast to 2027
1 Market Study Overview
1.1 Study Objectives
1.2 Dry Air Scrubber Introduce
1.3 Combined with the Analysis of Macroeconomic Indicators
1.4 Brief Description of Research methods
1.5 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
2 Global Trend Summary
2.1 Dry Air Scrubber Segment by Type
2.1.1 3-Stage Air Scrubbers
2.1.2 4-Stage Air Scrubbers
2.2 Market Analysis by Application
2.2.1 Household
2.2.2 Commercial
2.2.3 Industrial
2.3 Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Comparison by Regions (2017-2027)
2.3.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Size (2017-2027)
2.3.2 North America Dry Air Scrubber Status and Prospect (2017-2027)
2.3.3 Europe Dry Air Scrubber Status and Prospect (2017-2027)
2.3.4 China Dry Air Scrubber Status and Prospect (2017-2027)
2.3.5 Japan Dry Air Scrubber Status and Prospect (2017-2027)
2.3.6 Southeast Asia Dry Air Scrubber Status and Prospect (2017-2027)
2.4 Basic Product Information
2.4.1 Basic Product Information & Technology Development History
2.4.2 Product Manufacturing Process
2.4.3 Interview with Major Market Participants
2.4.4 High-end Market Analysis and Forecast
2.5 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): Dry Air Scrubber Industry Impact
2.5.1 Dry Air Scrubber Business Impact Assessment - Covid-19
2.5.2 Market Trends and Dry Air Scrubber Potential Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape
2.5.3 Measures / Proposal against Covid-19
3 Competition by Manufacturer
3.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Market Share by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.2 Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue and Market Share by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.3 Global Dry Air Scrubber Industry Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
3.4 Top 5 Dry Air Scrubber Manufacturer Market Share
3.5 Top 10 Dry Air Scrubber Manufacturer Market Share
3.6 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Dry Air Scrubber Market
3.7 Key Manufacturers Dry Air Scrubber Key Manufacturers
3.8 Mergers & Acquisitions Planning
4 Analysis of Dry Air Scrubber Industry Key Manufacturers
4.1 KCH Services
4.1.1 Compan Detail
4.1.2 KCH Services Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.1.3 KCH Services 167 Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.1.4 Main Business Overview
4.1.5 KCH Services News
4.2 Croll Reynold
4.2.1 Compan Detail
4.2.2 Croll Reynold Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.2.3 Croll Reynold Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.2.4 Main Business Overview
4.2.5 KCH Services News
4.3 Fabritech Engineers
4.3.1 Compan Detail
4.3.2 Fabritech Engineers Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.3.3 Fabritech Engineers Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.3.4 Main Business Overview
4.3.5 Fabritech Engineers News
4.4 Beltran Technologies
4.4.1 Compan Detail
4.4.2 Beltran Technologies Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.4.3 Beltran Technologies Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.4.4 Main Business Overview
4.4.5 Beltran Technologies News
4.5 Hamon Research-Cotttrell
4.5.1 Compan Detail
4.5.2 Beltran Technologies Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.5.3 Hamon Research-Cotttrell Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.5.4 Main Business Overview
4.5.5 Hamon Research-Cotttrell News
4.6 Edlon
4.6.1 Compan Detail
4.6.2 Edlon Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.6.3 Edlon Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.6.4 Main Business Overview
4.6.5 Edlon News
4.7 Honeywell
4.7.1 Compan Detail
4.7.2 Honeywell Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.7.3 Honeywell Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.7.4 Main Business Overview
4.7.4 Main Business Overview
4.8 Waves Aircon
4.8.1 Compan Detail
4.8.2 Waves Aircon Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.8.3 Waves Aircon Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.8.4 Main Business Overview
4.8.5 Waves Aircon News
4.9 AlorAir Solutions
4.9.1 Compan Detail
4.9.2 AlorAir Solutions Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.9.3 AlorAir Solutions Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.9.4 Main Business Overview
4.9.5 AlorAir Solutions News
4.10 Abatement Technologies
4.10.1 Compan Detail
4.10.2 Abatement Technologies Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.10.3 Abatement Technologies Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.10.4 Main Business Overview
4.10.5 Abatement Technologies News
4.11 Dri-Eaz Products
4.11.1 Compan Detail
4.11.2 Dri-Eaz Products Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.11.3 Dri-Eaz Products Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.11.4 Main Business Overview
4.11.5 Dri-Eaz Products News
4.12 Advanced Containment Systems
4.12.1 Compan Detail
4.12.2 Advanced Containment Systems Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.12.3 Advanced Containment Systems Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.12.4 Main Business Overview
4.12.5 Advanced Containment Systems News
4.13 Ermator
4.13.1 Company Details
4.13.2 Ermator Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification
4.13.3 Ermator Dry Air Scrubber Sales, Price, Cost, Gross Margin, and Revenue (2017-2022)
4.13.4 Main Business Overview
4.13.5 Ermator News
5 Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Segment by Big Type
5.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue, Sales and Market Share by Big Type (2017-2022)
5.1.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Market Share by Big Type (2017-2022)
5.1.2 Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue and Market Share by Big Type (2017-2022)
5.2 3-Stage Air Scrubbers Sales Growth Rate and Price
5.2.1 Global 3-Stage Air Scrubbers Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
5.2.2 Global 3-Stage Air Scrubbers Price (2017-2022)
5.3 4-Stage Air Scrubbers Sales Growth Rate and Price
5.3.1 Global 4-Stage Air Scrubbers Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
5.3.2 Global 4-Stage Air Scrubbers Price (2017-2022)
6 Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Segment by Big Application
6.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Big Application (2017-2022)
6.2 Household Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
6.3 Commercial Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
6.4 Industrial Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
7 Global Dry Air Scrubber Forecast
7.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue, Sales and Growth Rate (2022-2027)
7.2 Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast by Regions (2022-2027)
7.2.1 North America Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
7.2.2 Europe Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
7.2.3 China Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
7.2.4 Japan Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
7.2.5 Southeast Asia Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
7.2.6 Other Regions Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
7.3 Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
7.3.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
7.3.2 Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
7.4 Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
7.4.1 Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
7.4.2 Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
8 Market Analysis
8.1.1 Market Overview
8.1.2 Market Opportunities
8.1.3 Market Risk
8.1.4 Market Driving Force
8.1.5 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
8.1.6 SWOT Analysis
9 Dry Air Scrubber Related Market Analysis
9.1 Upstream Analysis
9.1.1 Macro Analysis of Upstream Markets
9.1.2 Key Players in Upstream Markets
9.1.3 Upstream Market Trend Analysis
9.1.4 Dry Air Scrubber Manufacturing Cost Analysis
9.2 Downstream Market Analysis
9.2.1 Macro Analysis of Down Markets
9.2.2 Key Players in Down Markets
9.2.3 Downstream Market Trend Analysis
9.2.4 Sales Channel, Distributors, Traders and Dealers
10 Research Findings and Conclusion
List of Tables and Figures
Figure Product Picture Dry Air Scrubber
Figure Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis of Dry Air Scrubber
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Part of Our External Database
Figure Part of Our External Database
Figure Key Executives Interviewed
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Size by Big Type
Figure Global Market Share of Dry Air Scrubber by Big Type in 2021
Figure 3-Stage Air Scrubbers Picture (2017-2022)
Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Size by Big Application
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Size by Application
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Share by Big Application in 2021
Figure Household Picture
Figure Commercial Picture
Figure Industrial Picture
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Comparison by Regions (M USD) (2017-2027)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Size (Million US$) (2017-2027)
Figure North America Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate (2017-2027)
Figure Europe Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate (2017-2027)
Figure China Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate (2017-2027)
Figure Japan Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate (2017-2027)
Figure Southeast Asia Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate (2017-2027)
Table Business Impact Assessment - Covid-19
Table Market Trends and Dry Air Scrubber Potential Opportunities in the COVID-19 Landscape
Table Measures / Proposal against Covid-19
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue Market Share by Manufacturer in 2021
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Figure Top 5 Dry Air Scrubber Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Figure Top 10 Dry Air Scrubber Manufacturer (Revenue) Market Share in 2021
Table Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Dry Air Scrubber Market
Table Key Manufacturers Dry Air Scrubber Product Type
Table Mergers & Acquisitions Planning
Table KCH Services Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of KCH Services
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company One 2017-2022
Table Company One Main Business
Table Company One Recent Development
Table Croll Reynold Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Croll Reynold
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Croll Reynold Recent Development
Table Fabritech Engineers Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Fabritech Engineers
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Fabritech Engineers Main Business
Table Fabritech Engineers Recent Development
Table Beltran Technologies Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Beltran Technologies
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Beltran Technologies Main Business
Table Beltran Technologies Recent Development
Table Beltran Technologies Main Business
Table Beltran Technologies Recent Development
Table Hamon Research-Cotttrell Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Hamon Research-Cotttrell
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Hamon Research-Cotttrell Main Business
Table Hamon Research-Cotttrell Recent Development
Table Edlon Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Edlon
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Edlon Main Business
Table Edlon Recent Development
Table Honeywell Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Honeywell
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Honeywell Main Business
Table Honeywell Recent Development
Table Waves Aircon Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Waves Aircon
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Waves Aircon Main Business
Table Waves Aircon Recent Development
Table AlorAir Solutions Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of AlorAir Solutions
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table AlorAir Solutions Main Business
Table AlorAir Solutions Recent Development
Table Abatement Technologies Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Abatement Technologies
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Abatement Technologies Main Business
Table Abatement Technologies Recent Development
Table Dri-Eaz Products Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Dri-Eaz Products
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Dri-Eaz Products Main Business
Table Dri-Eaz Products Recent Development
Table Advanced Containment Systems Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Advanced Containment Systems
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Advanced Containment Systems Main Business
Table Advanced Containment Systems Recent Development
Table Ermator Company Profile
Table Dry Air Scrubber Product Introduction, Application and Specification of Ermator
Table Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Unit), Price (USD/Unit), Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of Company Two 2017-2022
Table Ermator Main Business
Table Ermator Recent Development
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Regions in 2021
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2021
Figure North America Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure China Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Other Regions Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales by Big Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Big Type (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Big Type in 2019
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue by Big Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue Market Share by Big Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue Market Share by Big Type in 2019
Figure Global 3-Stage Air Scrubbers Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Global 3-Stage Air Scrubbers Price (2017-2022)
Figure Global 4-Stage Air Scrubbers Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales by Big Application (2017-2022)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Big Application (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Market Share by Big Application in 2019
Figure Global Household Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Global Commercial Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Global Industrial Sales Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales and Growth Rate (2022-2027)
Figure Global Dry Air Scrubber Revenue and Growth Rate (2022-2027)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Forecast by Regions (2022-2027)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Share Forecast by Regions (2022-2027)
Figure North America Sales Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Europe Sales Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure China Sales Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Japan Sales Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Southeast Asia Sales Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Other Regions Sales Dry Air Scrubber Market Forecast (2022-2027)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Share Forecast by Type (2022-2027)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Sales Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table Global Dry Air Scrubber Market Share Forecast by Application (2022-2027)
Table Market Opportunities in Next Few Years
Table Market Risks Analysis
Table Market Drivers
Figure Porter's Five Forces Analysis
Table Macro Analysis of Upstream Markets
Table Key Players in Upstream Markets
Table Key Players of Upstream Markets
Table Key Raw Materials
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Dry Air Scrubber
Table Macro Analysis of Down Markets
Table Key Players in Down Markets
Table Key Players of Downstream Markets
Figure Sales Channel
Figure North America Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure North America Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure Europe Dry Air Scrubber Sales (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure Europe Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure Japan Dry Air Scrubber Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure Japan Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure China Dry Air Scrubber Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure China Dry Air Scrubber Revenue (Million US$) Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025)
Figure Methodology/Research Approach
Figure Market Size Estimation
Figure Author List
KCH Services
Croll Reynold
Fabritech Engineers
Beltran Technologies
Hamon Research-Cotttrell
Edlon
Honeywell
Waves Aircon
AlorAir Solutions
Abatement Technologies
Dri-Eaz Products
Global Biomass Heat Transfer Oil Boilers..
Biomass Heat Transfer Oil Boiler is a new type of special bo..
+16467917070US (Toll Free)