Static Pass Boxes Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

Table of Contents

1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Static Pass Boxes Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Material
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Static Pass Boxes Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Static Pass Boxes Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Static Pass Boxes Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Static Pass Boxes Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Static Pass Boxes Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Static Pass Boxes Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Static Pass Boxes Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Static Pass Boxes Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Static Pass Boxes Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Static Pass Boxes Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Static Pass Boxes Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Static Pass Boxes Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Static Pass Boxes Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 304 Stainless Steel
4.1.3 316 Stainless Steel
4.1.4 316L Stainless Steel
4.1.5 Others
4.2 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Pharmaceutical Industry
5.1.3 Electronic Industry
5.1.4 Food Industry
5.1.5 Chemical Industry
5.1.6 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE Static Pass Boxes Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Kleanlabs
7.1.1 Kleanlabs Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Kleanlabs Business Overview
7.1.3 Kleanlabs Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Kleanlabs Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Kleanlabs Key News
7.2 Lamsystems
7.2.1 Lamsystems Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Lamsystems Business Overview
7.2.3 Lamsystems Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Lamsystems Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 Lamsystems Key News
7.3 Laxmi Pharmamach
7.3.1 Laxmi Pharmamach Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Laxmi Pharmamach Business Overview
7.3.3 Laxmi Pharmamach Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Laxmi Pharmamach Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 Laxmi Pharmamach Key News
7.4 Pharma Fab Industries
7.4.1 Pharma Fab Industries Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Pharma Fab Industries Business Overview
7.4.3 Pharma Fab Industries Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Pharma Fab Industries Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Pharma Fab Industries Key News
7.5 Airomax Airborne
7.5.1 Airomax Airborne Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Airomax Airborne Business Overview
7.5.3 Airomax Airborne Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Airomax Airborne Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Airomax Airborne Key News
7.6 Yatherm Scientific
7.6.1 Yatherm Scientific Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Yatherm Scientific Business Overview
7.6.3 Yatherm Scientific Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Yatherm Scientific Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Yatherm Scientific Key News
7.7 MK Precision
7.7.1 MK Precision Corporate Summary
7.7.2 MK Precision Business Overview
7.7.3 MK Precision Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 MK Precision Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 MK Precision Key News
7.8 Standard Group
7.8.1 Standard Group Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Standard Group Business Overview
7.8.3 Standard Group Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Standard Group Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Standard Group Key News
7.9 Clean Air Systems
7.9.1 Clean Air Systems Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Clean Air Systems Business Overview
7.9.3 Clean Air Systems Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Clean Air Systems Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 Clean Air Systems Key News
7.10 Airtech System
7.10.1 Airtech System Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Airtech System Business Overview
7.10.3 Airtech System Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Airtech System Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Airtech System Key News
7.11 Bionics Scientific
7.11.1 Bionics Scientific Corporate Summary
7.11.2 Bionics Scientific Static Pass Boxes Business Overview
7.11.3 Bionics Scientific Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Bionics Scientific Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.11.5 Bionics Scientific Key News
7.12 HY Cleanroom Technology
7.12.1 HY Cleanroom Technology Corporate Summary
7.12.2 HY Cleanroom Technology Static Pass Boxes Business Overview
7.12.3 HY Cleanroom Technology Static Pass Boxes Major Product Offerings
7.12.4 HY Cleanroom Technology Static Pass Boxes Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.12.5 HY Cleanroom Technology Key News
8 Global Static Pass Boxes Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Static Pass Boxes Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Static Pass Boxes Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Static Pass Boxes Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Static Pass Boxes Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Static Pass Boxes Industry Value Chain
10.2 Static Pass Boxes Upstream Market
10.3 Static Pass Boxes Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Static Pass Boxes Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer


List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Static Pass Boxes in Global Market
Table 2. Top Static Pass Boxes Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Static Pass Boxes Sales by Companies, (Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Static Pass Boxes Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Static Pass Boxes Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Static Pass Boxes Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Static Pass Boxes Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Sales, (Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Kleanlabs Corporate Summary
Table 47. Kleanlabs Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 48. Kleanlabs Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Lamsystems Corporate Summary
Table 50. Lamsystems Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 51. Lamsystems Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Laxmi Pharmamach Corporate Summary
Table 53. Laxmi Pharmamach Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 54. Laxmi Pharmamach Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Pharma Fab Industries Corporate Summary
Table 56. Pharma Fab Industries Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 57. Pharma Fab Industries Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Airomax Airborne Corporate Summary
Table 59. Airomax Airborne Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 60. Airomax Airborne Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Yatherm Scientific Corporate Summary
Table 62. Yatherm Scientific Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 63. Yatherm Scientific Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. MK Precision Corporate Summary
Table 65. MK Precision Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 66. MK Precision Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Standard Group Corporate Summary
Table 68. Standard Group Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 69. Standard Group Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Clean Air Systems Corporate Summary
Table 71. Clean Air Systems Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 72. Clean Air Systems Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Airtech System Corporate Summary
Table 74. Airtech System Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 75. Airtech System Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. Bionics Scientific Corporate Summary
Table 77. Bionics Scientific Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 78. Bionics Scientific Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 79. HY Cleanroom Technology Corporate Summary
Table 80. HY Cleanroom Technology Static Pass Boxes Product Offerings
Table 81. HY Cleanroom Technology Static Pass Boxes Sales (Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 82. Static Pass Boxes Production Capacity (Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (Units)
Table 83. Global Static Pass Boxes Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 84. Global Static Pass Boxes Production by Region, 2017-2022 (Units)
Table 85. Global Static Pass Boxes Production by Region, 2023-2028 (Units)
Table 86. Static Pass Boxes Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 87. Static Pass Boxes Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 88. Static Pass Boxes Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 89. Static Pass Boxes Raw Materials
Table 90. Static Pass Boxes Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 91. Typical Static Pass Boxes Downstream
Table 92. Static Pass Boxes Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 93. Static Pass Boxes Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Static Pass Boxes Segment by Material
Figure 2. Static Pass Boxes Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Static Pass Boxes Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Static Pass Boxes Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Static Pass Boxes Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Static Pass Boxes Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Material - Global Static Pass Boxes Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Static Pass Boxes Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Static Pass Boxes Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Static Pass Boxes Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Static Pass Boxes Production Capacity (Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Static Pass Boxes by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Static Pass Boxes Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels